A non-vessel-operating common carrier, or NVOCC, provides ocean-freight services and issues its own bills of lading without operating the vessel used for transport.
How does an NVOCC work?
It buys vessel capacity from ocean carriers, sells space to shippers, may consolidate cargo and contracts with customers as a carrier.
NVOCC versus freight forwarder
An NVOCC generally acts as a contractual carrier and issues a house bill. A forwarder may act mainly as an agent arranging transport. Legal distinctions depend on jurisdiction.
Which documents are issued?
The NVOCC may issue house bills of lading, while the vessel operator issues a master bill covering the consolidated movement.
What should a shipper evaluate?
Review licensing, financial responsibility, carrier relationships, route coverage, tariffs, claims handling and destination agent capability.
What should the record retain?
Keep the contracting entity, house and master references, actual vessel carrier, charges, routing, release instructions and claims contacts.
