System integration connects applications, data and workflows so they can exchange information and support an end-to-end business process. It can use APIs, events, files, middleware or direct connectors.
Which integration patterns are common?
- Point-to-point interfaces
- API-led integration
- Event and webhook integration
- Batch file exchange
- Middleware or integration platform
- Shared data warehouse or lake
What should be defined?
Specify the system of record, field mappings, identifiers, timing, validation, error handling, access and ownership. A connection without data governance can spread errors quickly.
Real-time vs. batch integration
Real-time integration supports immediate decisions and status. Batch integration can be simpler and efficient for scheduled volume. The business requirement should determine the pattern.
What controls are required?
Use authentication, authorization, encryption, idempotency, monitoring and reconciliation. Separate test and production environments and protect credentials.
How should failures be handled?
Preserve failed messages, avoid uncontrolled retries, prevent duplicates and route exceptions to named owners. Reconcile source and destination records after recovery.
